research report

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Mobility Needs of an Aging Population in Contra Costa County

Abstract

In 2018, SafeTREC conducted a survey on transportation mobility issues among older adults in California. A follow-up survey planned for 2020, just as the COVID-19 pandemic changed life for all residents, was redesigned to assess mobility needs and changes during the Shelter-in-Place order and focused on COVID-19 impacts. Results indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent Shelter-in-Place orders have had a major impact on senior mobility. Communications for many were restricted to phone, email, texts, social media, and video chats. Among those with a medical problem, just over 60% called a doctor or nurse line or went to a doctor’s office, while 11.2% went to an emergency room, and 8.6% did nothing. A total of 8% of respondents said they had run out of food or other important items during the Shelter-in-Place order. Rates of exercise outside the home dropped 20% between January and June 2020, and while over 60% sought outside entertainment in January 2020, by June 2020, nearly 70% accessed their entertainment online at home. Almost 80% of working respondents feared spreading or contracting COVID-19 because of their work or related transportation. Almost 20% felt a lack of companionship or closeness sometimes or often. Over 30% were worried about their current or long-term finances. A total of 84.5% strongly agreed or agreed that the Shelter-in-Place order was necessary. None of the respondents to the follow-up survey were diagnosed with COVID-19, and 88.2% were not concerned about the risk of exposure from any member of their household.

research report

Effects of Increased Weights of Alternative Fuel Trucks on Pavement and Bridges

Abstract

California’s truck fleet composition is shifting to include more natural gas vehicles (NGVs), electric vehicles (EVs), and fuel cell vehicles (FCVs), and it will shift more quickly to meet state greenhouse gas (GHG) emission goals. These alternative fuel trucks (AFTs) may introduce heavier axle loads, which may increase pavement damage and greenhouse gas emissions from work to maintain pavements. This project aimed to provide conceptual-level estimates of the effects of vehicle fleet changes on road and bridge infrastructure. Three AFT implementation scenarios were analyzed using typical Calif. state and local pavement structures, and results from a federal study were used to assess the effects on bridges. This study found that more NGV, EV, and FC trucks are expected among short-haul and medium-duty vehicles than among long-haul vehicles, for which a range of issues arise with electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles. But the estimates predicted that by 2050, alternative fuels would power 25–70% of long-haul and 40–95% of short-haul and medium-duty trucks. AFT implementation is expected to be focused on the 11 counties with the greatest freight traffic—primarily urban counties along major freight corridors. Results from the implementation scenarios suggest that introducing heavier AFTs will only result in minimal additional pavement damage, with its extent dependent on the pavement structure and AFT implementation scenario. Although allowing weight increases of up to 2,000 lbs. is unlikely to cause major issues on more modern bridges, the effects of truck concentrations at those new limits on inadequate bridges need more careful evaluation. The study’s most aggressive market penetration scenario yielded an approximate net reduction in annual well-to-wheel truck propulsion emissions of 1,200–2,700 kT per year of CO2 -e by 2030, and 6,300–34,000 kT by 2050 versus current truck technologies. Negligible effects on greenhouse gas emissions from pavement maintenance and rehabilitation resulted from AFT implementation.

presentation

Energy Institute Research Briefing

presentation

UCLA Lake Arrowhead Conference 2020

presentation

Pavement Financial and Environmental Sustainability; CA Asphalt Pavement Association Statewide Technical Committee Meeting

research report

Carbon Neutrality Study 1:Driving California’s Transportation Emissions to Zero

Abstract

The purpose of this study overall is to explore the policy pathways to achieve a zero-carbon transportation system in California by 2045. The purpose of this synthesis report is to describe the existing state of knowledge and policy related to energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the transportation sector, especially in California. It is an interim product of the larger study, which will use this report as the baseline and policy context sections. The report comprises four sections. Section 1 provides an overview of the major components of transportation systems and how those components interact. Section 2 explores key underlying concepts in transportation, including equity, health, employment, and environmental justice (EJ). Section 3 discusses California’s current transportation-policy landscape. Section 4 analyzes projected social, environmental, and economic outcomes of transportation under a “business as usual (BAU)” scenario—i.e., a scenario with no significant transportation-policy changes.

presentation

Pavement Financial and Environmental Sustainability: Some Best Practices; San Diego County Building Better Roads Working Group

policy brief

When is Public Transit Too Crowded, and How Has This Changed During the Pandemic?

Abstract

One of the first measures that U.S. public health authorities recommended in response to the COVID-19 pandemic was social distancing; U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines recommended that people “stay at least 6 feet (about 2 arms’ length) from other people who are not from [their] household in both indoor and outdoor spaces.”1 Public transit agencies had to then figure out what social distancing meant for their vehicles and riders. To track and evaluate transit operator implementation of social distancing recommendations, UCLA Institute of Transportation Studies (ITS) researchers searched for and reviewed the websites of 200 transit agencies across the U.S. There is no industrywide standard for vehicle crowding before the pandemic, nor is there one now — as definitions of socially distanced transit vary widely. This policy brief summarizes what the researchers learned about agency definitions of crowding before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

policy brief

Why Do Some Transit Agencies Form Shared-Use Mobility Partnerships while Others Do Not?

Publication Date

October 1, 2020

Author(s)

Sara Kazemian, Susan Pike

Abstract

Ridehail services such as Uber and Lyft present new, flexible travel options. Integrating these services with existing public transit could reduce costs, facilitate more transit use, and improve access. To realize these benefits, a growing number of transit agencies are exploring partnerships with ridehail and other shared-use mobility companies, such as bikesharing and carsharing services. Under such partnerships transit agencies typically subsidize shareduse mobility services for passengers connecting to transit stations or traveling when transit service is limited or unavailable. If successful, these partnerships could serve as part of a new model of environmentally sustainable, costeffective, and equitable public transportation. However, only a few jurisdictions have implemented successful partnerships. Transit agencies that have not pursued these partnerships have expressed concerns about cost, liability, regulatory issues, and data sharing. Little is known about what prompts some transit providers to pursue these partnerships while others do not. Researchers at UC Davis surveyed 37 transit agencies and interviewed seven transit agency professionals over two years to better understand why transit agencies pursue shared-use mobility partnerships, the factors that influence partnership formation, and barriers that prevent or slow the formation of partnerships.